Makina Ogaya Mwala

Dizilo wonyowa poto mphero ndi chonyowa akupera zida zoyendetsedwa ndi injini dizilo, makamaka ntchito kuphwanya, kusakaniza ndi akupera ore, zomangira, zipangizo mankhwala, etc. Iwo amatenga ntchito yonyowa, kudzera kugudubuza mwamphamvu ndi kusonkhezera kwa odzigudubuza akupera ndi maziko akupera, zipangizo zonse pansi ndi kusakaniza mofanana. Ndizoyenera makamaka nthawi zopanda magetsi kapena zomwe zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mafoni. Zili ndi ubwino wa mphamvu zodziimira komanso kusinthasintha kwakukulu.

Dizilo mpira mphero ndi dizilo magetsi akupera zida, makamaka wopangidwa ndi thupi rotary, mipira zitsulo, kufala chipangizo, etc. Pamene mphero mpira akugwira ntchito, injini dizilo amayendetsa thupi rotary kuti azungulire, ndi mipira zitsulo amanyamulidwa ndi kuponyedwa pansi pa zochita za mphamvu centrifugal ndi kukangana, akupera zipangizo ndi kugunda. Ndi yoyenera ku migodi, zomangamanga ndi mafakitale ena, ndipo imatha kugaya zinthu monga miyala ndi simenti. Zili ndi ubwino wa mphamvu zodziimira, kusinthasintha kwa ntchito kumadera akutali popanda mphamvu yamagetsi, ntchito yosavuta komanso kukonza bwino.

Wet pan mill, yomwe imatchedwanso chilean mill, gold round mill, water pan mphero, makina opera magudumu ndi makina opera golide. Ndi zida zabwino kwambiri zogaya golide m'maiko aku Africa ndi South America, zomwe zimathanso kupera siliva, chitsulo, mkuwa, zinki ndi miyala ina yamtengo wapatali. Chonyowa poto mphero chifukwa cha ndalama otsika, mphamvu mkulu, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, yabwino kukonza ndi ubwino zina, wakhala kusankha woyamba m'malo mpira mphero. Chonyowa poto mphero malinga ndi chiwerengero cha odzigudubuza akhoza kugawidwa mu awiri wodzigudubuza chonyowa poto mphero ndi atatu wodzigudubuza chonyowa poto mphero. Timayambitsa mphero zitatu zodzigudubuza zamadzi apa. China Ascend atatu odzigudubuza chonyowa poto mphero ali ndi mphamvu yaikulu ndi bwino akupera zotsatira kuposa awiri wodzigudubuza chonyowa poto mphero. Ma acend triple rollers wet pan mils amalandiridwa bwino m'maiko aku Africa.

Mphero yonyowa imadziwikanso ngati makina opukutira golide, mphero yozungulira yagolide, mphero ya chile, makina osakaniza a mercury, oyenera kusankha golide wa miyala (mitsempha ya golide), pomwe kuchuluka kwa golide kumakhala kokwera (golide wachibadwidwe, golide woyengedwa bwino, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tagolide), ndi miyala ya golide yomwe ndi yosavuta kusankha. Ndiwoyeneranso kugaya, kupukuta, ndi kukonza zitsulo zopanda chitsulo ndi mchere wopanda chitsulo monga mkuwa, siliva ndi quartz. 1400 1500 1600 chitsanzo madzi chonyowa poto mphero chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga golide ore akupera makina mu Africa, monga Zimbabwe, Ghana, Cameroon.

Wet pan mill, yomwe imatchedwanso makina ogaya golide, mphero yamadzi, mphero yozungulira yagolide, chilean, ndi makina opera magudumu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pogaya golide, siliva, lead, zinki, chitsulo, mkuwa ndi miyala ina akaphwanyidwa. Ores onse omwe amatha kukonzedwa ndi mphero za mpira amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mphero zonyowa. Kukula kwazinthu zomaliza ndi zosakwana ma meshes a 150 omwe ali oyenera kupindula kotsatira. 1100 1200 chitsanzo chonyowa poto mphero akhala wotchuka golide akupera makina ang'onoang'ono ndi sing'anga migodi golide chifukwa cha ubwino wake unsembe mosavuta, mphamvu mkulu ndi ndalama otsika mu malo migodi monga Sudan, Zambia, Mauritania, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Nepal.

Chigayo cha mpira ndicho chida chofunikira kwambiri pogaya zinthuzo kukhala ufa zitaphwanyidwa. Ndiwoyenera kugaya ores osiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zina, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza mchere, zomangira, mafakitale a mankhwala ndi mafakitale ena. Amagwiritsa ntchito mipira yachitsulo ngati mphero, ndipo amapindula bwino pogaya zipangizozo kudzera muzogwirizana ndi kugaya pakati pa mpira wachitsulo ndi zipangizo. Malingana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zogaya, zikhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: youma ndi yonyowa. Ndipo molingana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zotulutsira, zitha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mtundu wa kabati ndi mtundu wa kugwa.